Schematic Symbols & PCB Footprints
Symbols used to represent electrical devices and electronic functions—paired with interactive through-hole PCB footprints and pinout charts from VTM Studio Reference Mode.
Interactive Schematic Symbol vs. Through-Hole PCB Footprint
Select any core bench component to compare its IEEE schematic symbol against its physical KiCad/Fritzing-style PCB silkscreen, copper annular rings, and Pin 1 orientation.
Electronic Schematic Symbols Reference
Click or hover any symbol card to inspect its circuit role and terminal conventions.
DC, AC, Vcc & Battery Sources
Long thin line is always the positive (+) anode; short thick line is the negative (−) cathode.
Earth, Chassis & Digital Signal GND
All grounds (0V reference) on an Arduino + external motor supply must share a common GND wire.
Fixed, Potentiometer & Photoresistor
Fixed resistors limit current (2 pins); potentiometers add a 3rd sliding wiper pin for analog ADC input.
Rectifier Diode, LED & NPN Transistor
Diode triangle points in the direction of conventional current flow (Anode → Cathode bar).